How the Apple iPhone 14 connects to satellites in an emergency

iPhone 14 showing Emergency SOS feature saying Keep pointing to satellite

The emergency SOS function via satellite of the iPhone 14.

Apple

Apples iPhone 14 go into space. Well, not literally, but it’s the first iPhone to be able to connect not only to terrestrial cellular and Wi-Fi, but also to satellites above the Earth. For now, this service is limited to emergencies and is called Emergency SOS via Satellite. The service was announced Wednesday at Apple’s Far Out event.

In order to prove this feature, Apple had to overcome a number of huge technical hurdles.

The first is the challenge of how to connect an iPhone to a satellite in the first place. Satellites orbit the earth high and fast, and the iPhone doesn’t have the huge, bulky antenna normally found on a satellite phone. Instead, Apple designed the antenna built into the iPhone case to be able to send and receive data directly to an orbiting satellite.

But due to the antenna’s limited size, the user must point the iPhone 14 directly at the satellite and keep it pointed while messages are sent and received.

It sounds complicated, but there is an app for it!

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Yes, Apple has designed an app that shows users where to point the iPhone so they can get a satellite connection, keep it pointed in that direction, and streamline the process of communicating the details of an emergency.

To send a message, users may need to keep iPhone pointed at the satellite for about 15 seconds when the sky is clear, and for a few minutes if there are trees or terrain obscuring the view.

Two iPhone 14 screens showing Keep Pointing at Satellite

The iPhone 14 shows where to point the handset so it can communicate with orbiting satellites.

Apple

Another technical hurdle is the amount, or more accurately how much, of data you can send over a satellite connection. If you’ve ever used a satellite phone, you’ll know how low the bandwidth is – like an old modem connection, only worse. To overcome this, Apple had to innovate and compress the data sent over the network.

Apple also worked with emergency experts to uncover the most common questions asked by emergency services and provide users with an easy, one-click way to respond, streamlining the conversation.

iPhone showing

iPhone 14 users can describe the emergency with a few clicks to save time.

Apple

Apple also addressed the process of sending messages to emergency services. If the emergency service provider accepts text messages, the messages are sent directly to them. If the provider only accepts voice calls, text messages are sent through one of the relay centers that Apple has set up, which are staffed with trained specialists who will call the emergency service provider.

A diagram of how satellite messages are transmitted to emergency service providers

How satellite messages are transmitted to emergency service providers.

Apple

The service is also not designed to be used only in an emergency. Users will be able to share their location using Apple’s Find My feature via satellite.

iPhone showing user location on a map

Location data can also be sent via satellite.

Apple

As for availability and cost, the Emergency SOS service via satellite will go live in the US and Canada in November and will be free for iPhone 14 owners for two years.

Hand holding iPhone showing satellite emergency SOS feature plus prices

Satellite emergency SOS.

Apple